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Honor codes of the Bedouin
''Sharaf'' and ''ird'' are Bedouin honor codes. Along with hospitality and courage/bravery, it is one of the Bedouin aspects of ethics.〔Patai, Raphael. ''The Arab Mind''. Charles Scribner's Sons: New York, 1973.〕 Bedouin systems of justice are based on these honor codes, although the codes are falling into disuse as more Bedouins accept sharia or national penal codes as the means for dispensing justice.
==Ird and Sharaf==
''Ird'' is the Bedouin honor code for women. A woman is born with her ''ird'' intact, but sexual transgression could take her ''ird'' away. Ird is different from virginity, as it is emotional and conceptual. Once lost, ''ird'' cannot be regained. 〔 ''Sharaf'' is the general Bedouin honor code for men. It can be acquired, augmented, lost, and regained. ''Sharaf'' involves protection of the ''ird'' of the women of the family, protection of property, maintenance of the honor of the tribe and protection of the village (if the tribe has settled).〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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